Sunday 30 October 2011

HTML - CSS


DESCRIPTION:

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a stylesheet language used to describe the presentation of a document written in a markup language. Its most common application is to style web pages written in HTML and XHTML, but the language can be applied to any kind of XML document.
In CSS, selectors are used to declare which elements a style applies to, a kind of match expression. Selectors may apply to all elements of a specific type, or only those elements which match a certain attribute; elements may be matched depending on how they are placed relative to each other in the markup code, or on how they are nested within the document object model
A style sheet consists of a list of rules. Each rule or rule-set consists of one or more selectors and a declaration block. A declaration-block consists of a list of semicolon-separated declarations in braces. Each declaration itself consists of a property, a colon (:), a value, then a semi-colon (;)
Generally speaking we can say that all the styles will "cascade" into a new "virtual" style sheet by the following rules:
  1. External style sheet
  2. Internal style sheet (inside the <head> tag)
  3. Inline style (inside an HTML element)
An inline style (inside an HTML element) has the highest priority, which means that it will override a style declared inside the <head> tag, in an external style sheet, or in a browser (a default value).

Syntax

The CSS syntax is made up of three parts: a selector, a property and a value:
selector {property: value}
The selector is normally the HTML element/tag you wish to define, the property is the attribute you wish to change, and each property can take a value. The property and value are separated by a colon, and surrounded by curly braces:
body {color: black}

External Style Sheet

An external style sheet is ideal when the style is applied to many pages. With an external style sheet, you can change the look of an entire Web site by changing one file. Each page must link to the style sheet using the <link> tag. The <link> tag goes inside the head section:
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"
href="mystyle.css" />
</head>
The browser will read the style definitions from the file mystyle.css, and format the document according to it.

Internal Style Sheet

An internal style sheet should be used when a single document has a unique style. You define internal styles in the head section by using the <style> tag,
<head>
<style>
selector {property:value; property:value;…..}
</style>
</head>

Inline Styles

An inline style loses many of the advantages of style sheets by mixing content with presentation. Use this method sparingly, such as when a style is to be applied to a single occurrence of an element.
To use inline styles you use the style attribute in the relevant tag. The style attribute can contain any CSS property.
<p style="color: sienna; margin-left: 20px">
This is a paragraph  </p>

PROGRAM:

Cas.css:
a:link{color:black;}
a:visited{color:pink;}
a:active{color:red;}
a:hover{color:green;}

.right {
            text-align:center;
            text-decoration:underline;
            font-weight:bold;
            color:blue;
            font-family:comic sans ms;
            font-size:30; }
.image { 
              text-align:left;
              font-family:"monotype corsiva";
              font-weight:10;
               }

.image1 {
                  background-image:url("C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\My Documents\My Pictures\krishna.jpg");
                  background-attachment:fixed;
                background-repeat:no-repeat;
                  width:150;
                  height:150;  }
table { align:center;border:10;
                border-style:ridge;
                border-color:yellow;}

htm.html:
<html>
<head>
   <link rel="stylesheet" href="cas.css" type="text/css">
   <style>
      .xlink{ text-decoration:none;font-weight:bold;cursor:crosshair;}
      .ylink{text-decoration:underline;font-weight:bold;cursor:help;}
   </style>
</head>
<body class="image">

    <p style="text-align:right;">
       <a href="registration.html" class="xlink"> Reg Link</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
       <a href="topframe.html" class="ylink"> Help Link</a>
    </p>
   <p class="right">PVPSIT</p>
       <div style="position:relative;font-size:90px;z-index:5;color:purple;">PVPSIT</div>
       <div style="position:relative;font-size:50px;z-index:1;top:-70; left:5;color:blue;">CSE</div>
       <div style="position:relative;font-size:90px;z-index:1;color:purple;">PVPSIT</div>
       <div style="position:relative;font-size:50px;z-index:5;top:-70; left:5;color:blue;">CSE</div>  
    <table  align="center" class="image1">
       <tr>
          <td> Fruits</td>
          <td> Mango</td>
      </tr>
   </table>
</body>
</html>

GD TOPIC - Educate your daughter?


Educate your daughters

An astounding number of parents still don't lay enough emphasis on educating their daughters. They believe their daughters will get married eventually, and husbands will support them, so why push them so hard? Poorer sections of society would rather send their daughters out to work and earn some money, to help them save up for her dowry. Those from regular middle and upper class backgrounds do send their daughters to school, but don't emphasise career options. They view education as a 
rite of passage. If their daughters do well, it's something to brag about at kitty parties.

Similarly, very wealthy parents will happily support their daughters until they get married. Because of the family status and their ability to fork out a high dowry, they know they will get good matches for their daughter, and don't take their daughters education very seriously.

Get serious about your daughter's education. Encourage her to have a career of her own, no matter what your financial standing. One of the reasons parents of the boy ask for dowry, is that they often expect that their son will be earning and supporting the wife, and it is only fair that she contribute somewhat towards the household by way of dowry. If your daughter is educated and has as good a career as her husband to be, you've got a strong step in your favour.

Instead of giving her dowry so everyone is nice to her at her new home, give her a great career, so they can't help but respect her. So if they treat her badly, she can walk out, as she is not dependent on them.

So they need her monthly contribution to the household expenses and dare not mess with her.

Providing your daughter with a solid education, and encouraging her to pursue a career of her choice is the best dowry any parent can ever give their daughter.

GD TOPIC - Dowry


The Dowry System


The dowry system is so deeply rooted in Indian culture

Even modern, well-educated families start saving up money for their daughter'sdowry as soon as she is born, so what can one expect from the uneducated masses.

When demands for dowry are not met, the bride is subject to torture, and often even killed. The reason many parents don't want to send their daughters with out giving dowry.

Dowry is an evil system.

Often the boys parents don't demand dowry, but our culture is such that we feel we must give something to the in-laws. In such cases, give as much as you receive.when out out of your way because you are the parents of the girl, you are contributing to this evil.

Come festivals like Diwali or Holi, and the 
parents of the daughter flood her in-laws with gifts. If gifts are expected - your daughter is married into the wrong family.
 If such giving is self-inflicted, you're making a mistake. Give a token present to your daughter. If you want to give her something more, do so, but don't feel pressured to give anything more than you receive to her in-laws. You don't need to if your daughter is happily married and has a supportive husband - so DON'T.

GD TOPIC - Social Networking


Social Networking:

     People can today keep themselves connected to their near and dear ones all the times through social media. They can easily correspond with them anytime they want to do. With offline messages like scraps and offline chat messages they can easily leave a message to their near and dear ones, asking about their welfare or having an informal chat of any type, anytime.

-- Social networking has enabled us today to climb the mountains of connectivity with minimal cost (just the internet access charges). Most of the online services like chatting, emailing etc are totally free.


-- Social media is meant for the masses. Anyone and everyone can use the platform.

-- Social causes are promoted through various communities and groups in the websites and this type of awareness can create magic.

-- Social media is helping business organisations know and understand their customers better. The rewards of this intimate customer engagement, access and dialogue are increased brand relationships and loyalty.

-- Social media is contributing to more jobs. Increasingly, employers are posting waves of jobs with "social media" in the title to fill an enormous demand for individuals who can utilize these web-based networks to a company's benefit.

-- Having social media skills on your rsum is a boon right now in many organisations.
CONS

-- Privacy issues: The social media platforms provide public access to private information.

-- Security issues: One can fall victim to several kinds of malware. 

It is vulnerable to hackers who want to take advantage of the users.
-- Potential time waster: Some employers have banned social media sites from the office.-- Fake profiles spreading hatred: With so many fake profiles coming up in these websites, one does not need to know rocket science to comprehend the dangerous aspect of social networking. This type of open hatred is unstoppable in a website unless the administrators come up with a strong guideline which is highly unlikely for the moment.-- Teenage health: Children of teenage who need to go to the fields and play with their real friends are busy with unidentified people on the net chatting with them, emailing with them, talking about their welfare and having a behavior in such a way that they are even more to them than their real friends.

GD TOPIC - RAGGING????


Ragging is a systematic ritual physical and psychological of freshmen or other juniors by their seniors in an educational set up with the purported intent of socially inducting the newcomers into the group. Ragging has positive effect on the personality of the fresher. It helps in the interaction between the senior and fresher. It’s a great fun. Ragging is conducted during a fixed period in most institutions, which may range from one day to the whole year. Once this period is over, 'seniors' suddenly become friends: the beginning of this new relationship is often a "fresher’s party", where in some traditions, the freshers may rag their seniors. Seniors then go out of their way to help the freshers they “ragged”; almost becoming their guardians. This generalisation may not always be true. In any event, innumerable freshers under severe stress may have left the system by now, or may be suffering from serious Psychological trauma, which continues to take its toll through post-traumatic stress disorders. Occasionally, there may have been physical injury, or some may even commit suicide. Ya….guys there some harmful result of ragging, but even a lots of benefit. I think it should not ban totally. By the way guys do you know in UK ragging is called by fagging and in USA hazing.

GD TOPIC - HardWorking or Smart working?



HardWorking or Smart working?

              I definitely gonna support the Smart working guys, b'coz they are having a clear picture of their aims and objectives and they also know how to achieve their goals. They, first make a plan of what is to be done, and work upon their strategy made. Achieving goals also require hard work for them.

            On the other hand, in most of the cases, Hard working guys seem to work hard without knowing about the short-cuts and the consequences of their hard-work. Only doing hard work and hard work is like a WILD GOOSE CHASE, and nothing else. Percentage of Success is very less in this case.

            So, I am in favour of Smart working guys, b'coz, if u have to survive in the modern world, and if u have to compete in the modern competent environment, then surely, u have to be smart and fast.

            I hope that u have understood my point .

          What I believe is Smart work & hard work go together. If you are an agent of any call center & you are satisfying your customers while on phone & ur Team Leader is happy with you but you are not maintaining your stats then at the end of the month you will get your normal salary. However if you will maintain your stats & will satisfy customers as well then you would get a very good salary. You would have got brilliant chances of promotion if u are doing smart work including hard work. Such kind of person comes in the eyes of his Managers & supervisors, but if a person will keep on doing hard work like a spider does to climb the wall then it will take a very long time for him to get promoted. 

Smart work in an industry means ur manager should see that you are doing hard work & taking care of the entire team in absence of ur team leader.
 
So, these two things go all together.

GD TOPIC - SEX Edu


sex Education:
        Sex education is the process of educating people about relationships, intimacy. It helps people protect themselves against abuse, exploitation, abortions etc.
It mainly focuses on
  • Relationships
  • Unwanted pregnancies
  • Reproduction
Why sex education?
  • People are educated about different STD’s, AIDS etc.
  • Lack of sex education results in unnecessary abortions.
  • People are not aware of contraceptive pills, condoms and other means to avoid pregnancy. This also results in harm to reproductive organs.
  • Sex education is not just about teaching about sex. It’s about teaching how reproductive organs are built, stages that a boy and girl go through, relationships etc.
When and who should educate?
  • For some people, sex education is still not necessary as it hurts their religious sentiments.
  • Ideally sex education should start from onset of puberty.
  • Sex education should not just be in schools. It should start from home as well. Parents should not feel conscience about discussing queries raised.
  • Special care should be taken that the education and teaching should not sound vulgar.
People should get rid of the stigma attached to the word “sex”. Sex education will definitely reduce criminal acts like rape,

GD TOPIC - Electronic / print media


Electronic media vs. print media:
Print media typically includes newspapers, articles, journals etc. on the other hand, electronic media could be internet, television etc.
Print Media
  • Choice of reading – Allows user to read anytime and can be carried anywhere.
  • A much affordable form of media when compared to electronic.
  • For an individual, it’s quite an easy proof for any sort of information – People specially living in rural areas can easily afford a newspaper as compared to TV’s etc.
  • Relatively easier form of accessibility public for campaigns etc.
Electronic media
  • A more advanced form of media. 
  • Introduces more revenues and job opportunities.
  • Relatively a more innovative form of media. Thanks to motion pictures, animation etc.
  • A variety of options available unlike print media. People can surf through different channels, site etc.
  • Very appropriate for instant POLLS reviews of public.
  • Works better for people with hearing and seeing disabilities.
  • Can be reached faster and can be made LIVE.
The main intent of any media is to pass information to pubic. Be it electronic or print media, the public needs to be aware of the news. Most of the people in daily lives start with print media and gradually, as the day passes by, switch to electronic media.

GD TOPIC - Arrange / love marriage


Arranged marriage is better than love marriage:

The most convincing reason that proves arranged marriages is better than Love marriages would be Statistics! In most cases, couples who had an arranged marriage are more understanding towards each other.
For 
  • In an arranged marriage, first few years of the marriage are spent in knowing and understanding the person. There is a sense and demand of spending more time with each other.
  • In a love marriage, before the marriage, the couple shares a very different level of understanding. This understanding when tied to social obligations expected once married, are difficult to obey.
  • It is easy to adjust with the partner in an arranged marriage as compared to love marriage. This is because in a love marriage things may often be taken for granted.
  • Since the partners have never met before, in an arranged marriage, they care more about each other’s needs.
  • Arranged marriages help resolves domestic issues faster. There is a sense of fear of losing the partner.
  • For some unforeseen reason, the marriage does not work; there are many people who will support more.
In most cases, love marriages force the couple to stay away from family. This leaves them with no choice but to tackle their own problems.



Against
  • In today’s busy lives no one has the time to understand each other after marriage.
  • Arranged marriage, most of the times works on compromises. In a love marriage they were in love even before the marriage and hence compromises are less.
  • In an arranged marriage, social obligations can get frustrating at times.
Love married couples learn how to become independent since most of the times they are separated and hence are able to tackle their problems.



  • A comfort level has already been developed between the couple.
  • Expectations from parents are less since most of the times decision of marrying is usually initiated by the couple.
Whether it is love or arranged, trust, understanding and commitment is what drives towards a successful marriage.
Well success of BOTH marriages depends on our self basically. If u finds a person whom u can feel comfortable to live with, be happy and secure in their presence then whatever love/arranged our marriage will be successful
            If LOVE marriage we tend to know ab them before itself and then start thinking of getting married. Well Love marriages fail because people tend to find faults in others /lack of understanding. Whatever but there also cases where relationship is maintained in wonderful manner
           In arranged marriage it becomes an obligation to live with the person. Adjust with them thru out our life n parents do help /guide us if therez a problem.  Thatz the major difference
            Well in both cases for a relationship to be healthy Understanding /Love /affection/ adjustment/ Responsibility is necessary ... above all
Parents who don’t agree for love marriage basically want us to be in better position /live happily. Considering /respecting them is also equally important.

GD TOPIC - Creation of new states


Creation of new states:

      Creating new states has been a very debatable issue. As of now with the demands for new states like Telengana somewhat materializing, other regions are reiterating their demand for a new state. 
       Recently, the centre had consented to creating the state of Telengana from Andhra Pradesh. There has been a very mixed response to the creation of the new state. There has been riots for the cause of Telengana and there has been counter-riots for a United Andhra Pradesh as it is now. 
    The last time India created new states was in 2000 when the states of Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Uttarakhand were formed from Madhya Pradesh, Bihar and Uttar Pradesh. Many states have been facing riots for the creation of smaller states from big states. 
As part of our special series on ‘GDs on Topical Issues’ we discuss today the arguments that you can give with respect to the stand that you take during the GD round on the topic of creating new states from existing states.

ARGUEMENTS IN FAVOUR
-- Large states breed alienation among vast sections of people. For instance, in Maharashtra, a relatively prosperous state, development has been limited to the areas in and around the Mumbai-Pune industrial belt. Hence, creation of new smaller states from existing large states can address these issues. -- Large states tend to dominate economically and politically over smaller ones. This calls for the creation of smaller states. -- Smaller states are easier to administer. Small states make it easier for people to reach their governments. Grants and development funds are easier to distribute and development is more even in various regions. Also due to smaller size and population, governments are more responsive to people’s needs.  -- Smaller states have enormous potential to develop. The states of Chhattisgarh and Uttarakhand are living examples of total makeovers of states from poor, underdeveloped regions to highly successful, highly industrialized states. They have uplifted the conditions of the people. 

ARGUEMENTS AGAINST
-- Regional imbalance is a short term phenomena in large states. In the long term development spreads evenly across all parts of the state.  -- Fears of domination by large states could be taken care of by greater devolution of political power to the masses and by creation of economic opportunities.  -- Smaller states, apart from being economically unviable, are often wracked by deep fractures between various social and ethnic groups.  -- The idea of new states means dividing more and more people based on region. This affects the national integrity and unity. This factor is one of the greatest disadvantages of creating new states.


CONDITIONAL ARGUEMENTS
 

-- Even though, it is highly advantageous to have new states in our country where it can address the issue of poverty, it should not be created unless absolutely necessary.  -- It should not be created unless the centre is satisfied that creating a new state is the only situation to help the poor people in that region. Because otherwise, it creates a sense of disunity and also pressurizes the centre for precious resources it already lacks.

GD TOPIC - Global warming


Global warming:

             Global warming is the increase in temperature of the earth’s surface and oceans.

            Causes
  • Different gasses emitted from power plants, cars, air planes. Gasses like Carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide are the main culprits.
  • Pollution – the polluted gasses emitted from the vehicles are the biggest cause of global warming.
  • Population – Most of the populating countries will demand more vehicles, more demand for agriculture. This results in more methane because there will be more burning of fossil fuels.
Effects
  • To start with, plants and animals will be affected the most. This is because high temperatures will melt ice in Greenland and Antarctica increasing the rise of sea level. 
  • High temperatures will make agriculture next to impossible. Only areas that will be left little cold can withstand the agriculture. 
  • The rise in sea level will pollute the salt water, empty reservoirs and results in water scarcity.
  • Global warming will result in more heart related ailments.
  • In the worst scenario, the environment will be destructed leading to floods, drought etc.
Solution / prevention
  • To ensure the vehicles are not emitting polluted gases. To plant more trees.

GD TOPIC


Black Money:

Income as from illegal activities that is not reported to the government for tax purposes.
Examples of such black money can be found in benamy transactions in sale/purchase of 
properties

According to surveys Indian contains 1500 dollars black money in Swiss banks, India is the top most country containing black money in Swiss banks.

This is so shocking it is equal to 13 times to the our foreign debt ,if we use these black money for development we can be the no one in the world

Recently, due to international pressure, the Swiss government agreed to disclose the names of the account holders only if the respective governments formally asked for it. Indian government is not asking for the details. No marks for guessing why?

Because there are so many politicians and government officers, cricketers, stars containing black money.

So the government would not paying interest to get the details of the Account holders whose contains black money in their Swiss accounts

We need to start a movement to pressurize the government to get details of Indian account holders in Swiss bank.

The unaccounted money also feed India’s rampant corruption machine, including election campaign.

A study by the Mumbai-based Center for Monitoring Indian Economics (CMIE) found that each parliamentary poll generates between $10.19 billion and $11.33 billion of black money.

India’s biggest taxes dodgers are service provide employees and wealthy doctors and lawyers.

By using money laundering the black money converted in to white money.

Recently we saw 2g scam in this 174, 00, 000 money turned in to black money.

The governments must pay concentration to reduce the black money.

The getting of black money to India from Swiss banks it will so help to India for development.

Java Collection Interview Questions


Q:
What is the Collections API?
A:
The Collections API is a set of classes and interfaces that support operations on collections of objects.

Q:
What is the List interface?
A:
The List interface provides support for ordered collections of objects.



Q:
What is the Vector class?
A:
The Vector class provides the capability to implement a growable array of objects.

Q:
What is an Iterator interface?
A:
The Iterator interface is used to step through the elements of a Collection .

Q:
Which java.util classes and interfaces support event handling?
A:
The EventObject class and the EventListener interface support event processing.

Q:
What is the GregorianCalendar class?
A:
The GregorianCalendar provides support for traditional Western calendars

Q:
What is the Locale class?
A:
The Locale class is used to tailor program output to the conventions of a particular geographic, political, or cultural region .

Q:
What is the SimpleTimeZone class?
A:
The SimpleTimeZone class provides support for a Gregorian calendar .

Q:
What is the Map interface?
A:
The Map interface replaces the JDK 1.1 Dictionary class and is used associate keys with values

Q:
What is the highest-level event class of the event-delegation model?
A:
The java.util.EventObject class is the highest-level class in the event-delegation class hierarchy.

Q:
What is the Collection interface?
A:
The Collection interface provides support for the implementation of a mathematical bag - an unordered collection of objects that may contain duplicates.

Q:
What is the Set interface?
A:
The Set interface provides methods for accessing the elements of a finite mathematical set. Sets do not allow duplicate elements.

Q:
What is the typical use of Hashtable?
A:
Whenever a program wants to store a key value pair, one can use Hashtable.

Q:
I am trying to store an object using a key in a Hashtable. And some other object already exists in that location, then what will happen? The existing object will be overwritten? Or the new object will be stored elsewhere?
A:
The existing object will be overwritten and thus it will be lost.

Q:
What is the difference between the size and capacity of a Vector?
A:
The size is the number of elements actually stored in the vector, while capacity is the maximum number of elements it can store at a given instance of time.

Q:
Can a vector contain heterogenous objects?
A:
Yes a Vector can contain heterogenous objects. Because a Vector stores everything in terms of Object.
Q:
Can a ArrayList contain heterogenous objects?
A:
Yes a ArrayList can contain heterogenous objects. Because a ArrayList stores everything in terms of Object.
Q:
What is an enumeration?
A:
An enumeration is an interface containing methods for accessing the underlying data structure from which the enumeration is obtained. It is a construct which collection classes return when you request a collection of all the objects stored in the collection. It allows sequential access to all the elements stored in the collection.

Q:
Considering the basic properties of Vector and ArrayList, where will you use Vector and where will you use ArrayList?
A:
The basic difference between a Vector and an ArrayList is that, vector is synchronized while ArrayList is not. Thus whenever there is a possibility of multiple threads accessing the same instance, one should use Vector. While if not multiple threads are going to access the same instance then use ArrayList. Non synchronized data structure will give better performance than the synchronized one.

Q:
Can a vector contain heterogenous objects?
A:
Yes a Vector can contain heterogenous objects. Because a Vector stores everything in terms of Object.